P-OFDM – Pulse-shaped orthogonal frequency division multiplex

What is P-OFDM?

P-OFDM (Pulse-Shaped OFDM) is a multicarrier modulation technique that applies pulse shaping to conventional OFDM waveforms to improve out-of-band emission characteristics while maintaining compatibility with standard OFDM receiver processing. P-OFDM offers a practical middle ground between standard CP-OFDM (with relatively high OOB emissions) and fully filtered approaches like FBMC (with high implementation complexity). It was studied as a candidate waveform during 5G NR standardisation.

How Does P-OFDM Work?

P-OFDM modifies the conventional CP-OFDM transmitter by applying a windowing or pulse-shaping function to each OFDM symbol. The pulse shape extends slightly beyond the CP duration, creating overlap regions between consecutive symbols. These overlapping tails are added together (overlap-and-add), and the resulting smooth transitions between symbols dramatically reduce spectral sidelobes. The receiver can still use standard FFT-based OFDM demodulation, though performance may be optimised with matched-filter processing. P-OFDM achieves 10–20 dB better OOB suppression than standard CP-OFDM with minimal additional complexity.

Use Cases

Spectral coexistence in fragmented or shared spectrum, asynchronous multi-user OFDMA, mixed-numerology operation, 6G waveform research, and cognitive radio and dynamic spectrum access systems.

3GPP / Standards Reference

3GPP TR 38.802 (NR waveform study — candidate waveforms), 3GPP TS 38.211 (NR waveform — CP-OFDM windowing aspects)

Related Terms

OFDM  |  CP-OFDM  |  W-OFDM  |  FBMC  |  UF-OFDM

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